With the advancement of pervasive technology, information interaction has become increasingly ubiquitous. In these diverse information access devices and interfaces, it is crucial to understand and improve the user experience during human-information interaction. In recent years, we have seen a rapid uptake of physiological sensors used to estimate the cognitive aspect of the interaction. However, several challenges remain from a ubiquitous computing perspective, such as the definitions discrepancy of cognitive activities (e.g., cognitive bias or information need) and the lack of standard practice for collecting and processing physiological data in information interaction. In this workshop, we bring together researchers from different disciplines to form a common understanding of cognitive activities, discuss best practices to quantify the cognitive aspects of human-information interaction, and reflect on potential applications and ethical issues arising from physiological sensing methods.